Sanofi-aventis’ SITE Uncovers India’s Silent Killers Incanus Public Affairs
As India’s place in the world economy grows, raising the standard of living of its citizens and astounding economists, political leaders, and the public around the globe, its people have as rapidly moved into the crosshairs of two of the most lethal diseases of affluence: diabetes and hypertension.
International Diabetes Federation's estimates are that there are 50.8 million diabetics in India in 2010, rising to 87 million by the year 2030.The epidemic of type 2 diabetes in urban adults has been especially virulent, as the rate has in- creased from less than 3% in 1970 to 12.0% in 2000. But even rural areas are not immune. "Diabetes has risen rapidly in rural areas, with a threefold increase (from 2.4 per- cent to 6.4 percent) in rural southern India over a fourteen-year period," Health Affairs reported.
Comparisons/Diabetes (2007)
India 40.9 million
China 38.9 million
U.S. 19.2 million
Russia 9.6 million
Source: World Health Organization
www.diabetes.in
Hypertension too is on the rise. Indians with hypertension are projected to number 214 million in 2025, up nearly 100 million since 2000. Thus, its scourge is even greater than diabetes. With India's fast-growing population projected to overcome China's in the next thirty years, India could achieve another global distinction: "At the current rate of hypertension we will have the largest number of people with hypertension in the world," reported the Journal of Association of Physicians of India.
There was a serious concern that awareness of diabetes and hypertension including their risk factors, symptoms and treatment options, among healthcare providers and patients alike was dangerously low.
About 18 months ago, researchers at Sanofi-Aventis [or Aventis Pharma Limited] began asking questions: Just how serious is hypertension in India? Is India facing a twin epidemic of diabetes and hypertension? How well are these diseases being diagnosed and treated? There was a serious concern that awareness of both diseases, including their risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options, among health care providers and patients alike was dangerously low.
The outcome of these internal discussions, as well as discussions with potential partners (namely, doctors, hospitals, and institutes), was the decision to launch one of India's largest studies of diabetes and hypertension prevalence. On 8th January 2009 sanofi-aventis formally announced the creation of SITE (Screening India's Twin Epidemic), a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed cases of diabetes and hypertension in outpatient settings in major cities across India. Its goals? Increase disease awareness, provide healthy literacy, and that would enable better screening and treatment strategies.
The Global Epidemic
People Worldwide with Diabetes
1985 30 million
1995 135 million
2010 171 million
2030 366 million (projected)
Source: World Health Organization
"Diabetes was already posing an enormous health as well as economic problem for the country, as was hypertension," said Dr. Muruga Vadivale, Senior Director - Medical and Regulatory Affairs, sanofi-aventis India. "A large cross-sectional study could provide doctors and public health officials with valuable insights on both diseases and create awareness among medical professionals and the public about early screening for these diseases."
Today, SITE has enrolled approximately 16,000 patients from 800 centers across 8 states in India. It has partnered with 800 general practitioners and consulting physicians, to conduct the screenings and record and report the results. It is being con- ducted in waves over two years, one state at a time, with 2,000 patients screened from each state over two days per wave. On each of the two days, centers screen 10 patients, who must be over age 18 and not pregnant and have signed data-release consent form. The eight states included in the study are Maharashtra, Delhi, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh.
"Through SITE we hope to identify gaps in treatment needs at the first point of contact for a patient," said Dr. Shashank Joshi, Consultant Endocrinologist, Lilavati Hospital and National Coordinator of SITE study. "SITE will give us important insights on how we screen patients for risk factors and how well we manage them versus current guidelines."
...read on...
Thursday, November 10, 2011
Prevalence of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Diabetes and Hypertension in India—Results from the Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) Study
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. - Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics - 0(0):: Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
Prevalence of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Diabetes and Hypertension in India—Results from the Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) Study
To cite this article:
Shashank R. Joshi, Banshi Saboo, Muruga Vadivale, Sameer Indravadan Dani, Ambrish Mithal, Upendra Kaul, Mohan Badgandi, Shamanna Seshadri Iyengar, Vijay Viswanathan, Natarajan Sivakadaksham, Partha Sarathi Chattopadhyaya, Arup Das Biswas, Sushil Jindal, Idris Ahmed Khan, Bipin Kumar Sethi, Vala Dayasagar Rao, and Jamshed Jal Dalal on behalf of the SITE Investigators. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. -Not available-, ahead of print. doi:10.1089/dia.2011.0243.
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Despite the rising number of patients with diabetes and hypertension in India, there is a dearth of nationwide, comprehensive prevalence data on these diseases. Our study aimed at collecting data on the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and the underlying risk factors in various outpatient facilities throughout India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was planned to be conducted in 10 Indian states, one state at a time. It was targeted to enroll about 2,000 patients from 100 centers in each state. Each center enrolled the first 10 patients (≥18 years of age, not pregnant, signed consent) per day on two consecutive days. "Diabetes" and "hypertension" were defined by the 2008 American Diabetes Association and the Joint National Committee's 7(th) Report guidelines, respectively. Patient data (demographics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and laboratory diagnostic results) were collected and analyzed. Results: During 2009-2010, in total, 15,662 eligible patients (54.8% males; mean age, 48.9±13.9 years) from eight states were enrolled. Diabetes was prevalent in 5,427 (34.7%) patients, and 7,212 (46.0%) patients had hypertension. Diabetes and hypertension were coexistent in 3,227 (20.6%) patients. Among those whose disease status was not known at enrollment, 7.2% (793 of 11,028) and 22.2% (2,408 of 10,858) patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension, respectively; additionally, 18.4% (2,031 of 11,028) were classified as having prediabetes and 60.1% (6,521 of 10,858) as having prehypertension. A positive association (P<0.05) was observed between diabetes/hypertension and age, familial history of either, a medical history of cardiovascular disorders, alcohol consumption, and diet. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the substantial burden of diabetes and hypertension is on the rise in India. Patient awareness and timely diagnosis and intervention hold the key to limiting this twin epidemic.
PMID:22050271[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Prevalence of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Diabetes and Hypertension in India—Results from the Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) Study
To cite this article:
Shashank R. Joshi, Banshi Saboo, Muruga Vadivale, Sameer Indravadan Dani, Ambrish Mithal, Upendra Kaul, Mohan Badgandi, Shamanna Seshadri Iyengar, Vijay Viswanathan, Natarajan Sivakadaksham, Partha Sarathi Chattopadhyaya, Arup Das Biswas, Sushil Jindal, Idris Ahmed Khan, Bipin Kumar Sethi, Vala Dayasagar Rao, and Jamshed Jal Dalal on behalf of the SITE Investigators. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. -Not available-, ahead of print. doi:10.1089/dia.2011.0243.
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Despite the rising number of patients with diabetes and hypertension in India, there is a dearth of nationwide, comprehensive prevalence data on these diseases. Our study aimed at collecting data on the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and the underlying risk factors in various outpatient facilities throughout India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was planned to be conducted in 10 Indian states, one state at a time. It was targeted to enroll about 2,000 patients from 100 centers in each state. Each center enrolled the first 10 patients (≥18 years of age, not pregnant, signed consent) per day on two consecutive days. "Diabetes" and "hypertension" were defined by the 2008 American Diabetes Association and the Joint National Committee's 7(th) Report guidelines, respectively. Patient data (demographics, lifestyle factors, medical history, and laboratory diagnostic results) were collected and analyzed. Results: During 2009-2010, in total, 15,662 eligible patients (54.8% males; mean age, 48.9±13.9 years) from eight states were enrolled. Diabetes was prevalent in 5,427 (34.7%) patients, and 7,212 (46.0%) patients had hypertension. Diabetes and hypertension were coexistent in 3,227 (20.6%) patients. Among those whose disease status was not known at enrollment, 7.2% (793 of 11,028) and 22.2% (2,408 of 10,858) patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension, respectively; additionally, 18.4% (2,031 of 11,028) were classified as having prediabetes and 60.1% (6,521 of 10,858) as having prehypertension. A positive association (P<0.05) was observed between diabetes/hypertension and age, familial history of either, a medical history of cardiovascular disorders, alcohol consumption, and diet. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the substantial burden of diabetes and hypertension is on the rise in India. Patient awareness and timely diagnosis and intervention hold the key to limiting this twin epidemic.
PMID:22050271[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1) Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK - Indian J Endocr Metab
The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1) Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK - Indian J Endocr Metab
Abstract
Objectives: The recent years have seen a surge in the prevalence of both diabetes and hypertension. Significant demographic variations reported on the prevalence patterns of diabetes and hypertension in India establish a clear need for a nation-wide surveillance study. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) study aimed at collecting information on the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and hypertension cases in outpatient settings in major Indian states to better understand disease management, as well as to estimate the extent of underlying risk factors. Materials and Methods: During 2009-2010, SITE was conducted in eight states, in waves - one state at a time. It was planned to recruit about 2000 patients from 100 centers per wave. Each center enrolled the first 10 eligible patients (≥18 years of age, not pregnant, signed data release consent form, and ready to undergo screening tests) per day on two consecutive days. Patient demographics, medical history, and laboratory investigation results were collected and statistically interpreted. The protocol defined diabetes and hypertension as per the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) recommendations, respectively. Results: After the first two pilot phases in Maharashtra and Delhi, the protocol was refined and the laboratory investigations were simplified to be further employed for all other states, namely, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Conclusion: SITE's nation-wide approach will provide a real-world perspective on diabetes and hypertension and its contributing risk factors. Results from the study will raise awareness on the need for early diagnosis and management of these diseases to reduce complications.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, India, management, prevalence, risk factors, screening protocol
How to cite this article:
Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1). Indian J Endocr Metab 2011;15:389-94
How to cite this URL:
Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1). Indian J Endocr Metab [serial online] 2011 [cited 2011 Nov 9];15:389-94. Available from: http://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2011/15/8/389/86857
Abstract
Objectives: The recent years have seen a surge in the prevalence of both diabetes and hypertension. Significant demographic variations reported on the prevalence patterns of diabetes and hypertension in India establish a clear need for a nation-wide surveillance study. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) study aimed at collecting information on the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and hypertension cases in outpatient settings in major Indian states to better understand disease management, as well as to estimate the extent of underlying risk factors. Materials and Methods: During 2009-2010, SITE was conducted in eight states, in waves - one state at a time. It was planned to recruit about 2000 patients from 100 centers per wave. Each center enrolled the first 10 eligible patients (≥18 years of age, not pregnant, signed data release consent form, and ready to undergo screening tests) per day on two consecutive days. Patient demographics, medical history, and laboratory investigation results were collected and statistically interpreted. The protocol defined diabetes and hypertension as per the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) recommendations, respectively. Results: After the first two pilot phases in Maharashtra and Delhi, the protocol was refined and the laboratory investigations were simplified to be further employed for all other states, namely, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Conclusion: SITE's nation-wide approach will provide a real-world perspective on diabetes and hypertension and its contributing risk factors. Results from the study will raise awareness on the need for early diagnosis and management of these diseases to reduce complications.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, India, management, prevalence, risk factors, screening protocol
How to cite this article:
Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1). Indian J Endocr Metab 2011;15:389-94
How to cite this URL:
Joshi SR, Vadivale M, Dalal JJ, Das AK. The Screening India's Twin Epidemic: Study design and methodology (SITE-1). Indian J Endocr Metab [serial online] 2011 [cited 2011 Nov 9];15:389-94. Available from: http://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2011/15/8/389/86857
Wednesday, November 09, 2011
The Perks of Working at Google, Facebook, Twitter and More [INFOGRAPHIC]
The Perks of Working at Google, Facebook, Twitter and More [INFOGRAPHIC]
Are you a techie looking for work? We recently offered some tips on landing jobs at Google, Apple and Facebook, but there are more companies in the Valley than those three. And you might be wondering what the culture is like at each of these companies, as well as at LinkedIn, Twitter, Eventbrite, Gaia and Tagged.
Back in August, we brought you word of awesome perks at various startups; now, we bring you perks at a number of Silicon Valley’s largest and finest. From yoga to catered lunches, 401(k)s to dry cleaning, sports teams to vacation days, these tech companies seem to understand that quality of life affects productivity — and that having to run fewer errands after work means you’re more likely to stay at the office.
Check out the infographic below from ResumeBear for a breakdown of who offers what perks. Do you work at any of these companies and take advantage of any of these perks? Let us know in the comments below......
Are you a techie looking for work? We recently offered some tips on landing jobs at Google, Apple and Facebook, but there are more companies in the Valley than those three. And you might be wondering what the culture is like at each of these companies, as well as at LinkedIn, Twitter, Eventbrite, Gaia and Tagged.
Back in August, we brought you word of awesome perks at various startups; now, we bring you perks at a number of Silicon Valley’s largest and finest. From yoga to catered lunches, 401(k)s to dry cleaning, sports teams to vacation days, these tech companies seem to understand that quality of life affects productivity — and that having to run fewer errands after work means you’re more likely to stay at the office.
Check out the infographic below from ResumeBear for a breakdown of who offers what perks. Do you work at any of these companies and take advantage of any of these perks? Let us know in the comments below......
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